IoT Systems

The Five Layers of a Practical IoT System

November 15, 2025

A practical five-layer model for IoT systems, showing how devices, protocols, edge runtime, backend services, and applications fit together.

Building an IoT Device Abstraction Layer in Go

November 2, 2025

How Go interfaces, generics, mocks, and a device manager separate hardware drivers from IoT application logic in an edge runtime.

Adding MQTT to the IoT Gateway

March 29, 2022

How the OttO IoT gateway uses MQTT to receive telemetry from device stations, parse topic-based sensor identifiers, pass readings through Go channels, and protect the gateway from unbounded in-memory growth.

ESP32 Collection Station Architecture for IoT Sensor Networks

January 13, 2022

How an ESP32-based collection station fits into an IoT system: sensor sampling, MQTT publishing, local buffering, sleep modes, OTA updates, and the boundary between device firmware and the edge gateway.

OttO: A Go-Based IoT Edge Gateway Architecture

January 13, 2022

OttO is a Go-based IoT edge gateway that connects sensor stations, MQTT messages, REST APIs, WebSocket dashboards, and application logic at the boundary between devices and backend systems.

Go timers to remove stale sensor stations

November 3, 2020

Older IoT gateway note showing how Go timers can track stale sensor stations, expire inactive devices, and keep gateway state from drifting.